Réseau - Adressage IPv6

Difficulté : Intermédiaire Notions : adressage réseau, protocole IP, IPv6

Lesson Plan: Introduction to IPv6

1. Why IPv6?

• The limitations of IPv4 (address exhaustion).

• The need for a larger address space.

2. IPv6 Basics

• Address format (128-bit vs. IPv4’s 32-bit).

• Types of IPv6 addresses: Unicast, Multicast, and Anycast.

• Address notation and shorthand representation.

3. IPv6 vs. IPv4

• Improved routing efficiency.

• No need for NAT (Network Address Translation).

• Auto-configuration capabilities.

• Enhanced security features (IPSec integration).

4. IPv6 Addressing and Subnetting

• Prefix notation (e.g., /64, /128).

• Global unicast addresses vs. link-local addresses.

5. IPv6 Implementation and Transition Mechanisms

• Dual-stack approach.

• Tunneling methods (6to4, Teredo, etc.).

• NAT64 for IPv4-to-IPv6 compatibility.

6. Practical Exercises

• Configuring IPv6 on network devices.

• Testing IPv6 connectivity and troubleshooting.

7. DHCP in IPv6 (DHCPv6)

• Differences from IPv4 DHCP

  • IPv6 supports both stateful and stateless address configuration.

  • IPv6 devices can use SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration) or DHCPv6 for address assignment.

• DHCPv6 Modes

  • Stateful DHCPv6: Similar to IPv4 DHCP, provides IP addresses and other network configurations dynamically.

  • Stateless DHCPv6: Does not assign IP addresses but provides additional configuration details like DNS servers.

• Interaction with Router Advertisements (RA)

  • IPv6 routers send RA messages, indicating whether devices should use SLAAC, DHCPv6, or both.

  • Flags in RA messages control whether clients should request addresses via DHCPv6.

• Practical Considerations

  • Configuring DHCPv6 servers and clients.

  • Using prefix delegation for automatic subnetting.

  • Understanding the role of Relay Agents in DHCPv6 networks.